Things You Need to Know About Fibroids

Fibroids are considered benign tumors in the scientific community. In over 99% of fibroid cases, the tumors are not cancerous and do not increase the risk of uterine cancer. In this article, we have compiled the essential information you need to know about fibroids.

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids are growths made up of muscle cells and fibrous connective tissue. These growths develop within the uterus and can appear alone or in groups. Their size can range from a grain of rice to the size of a melon. In some cases, fibroids can grow toward the uterine cavity or outward.

It is estimated that 20% to 50% of women of reproductive age have fibroids. About 77% of women develop fibroids during their fertile years. Only approximately one-third of these fibroids are large enough to be detected during a physical examination, which is why they often go undiagnosed.

What Causes Fibroids?

The exact cause of fibroids is unknown. Research suggests that each tumor develops from an abnormal muscle cell in the uterus and proliferates rapidly when exposed to the hormone estrogen.

Who Is at Risk?

Women of reproductive age are more likely to be affected by fibroids.

Other risk factors include:

• Family history of fibroids
• Obesity
• Diet high in red meat
• High blood pressure

What Are the Symptoms of Fibroids?

Some women with fibroids do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, others may experience severe symptoms that interfere with their daily lives. Common symptoms include:

• Heavy or prolonged periods
• Bleeding between periods
• Abdominal discomfort and/or bloating
• Pelvic pain
• Lower back pain
• Bladder symptoms such as frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
• Bowel symptoms such as constipation or straining

Women with fibroids may also experience:

• Infertility
• Complications during pregnancy
• Pain during intercourse

In rare cases, women with fibroids may need emergency treatment. If you experience sudden, sharp pain that does not subside with painkillers or severe vaginal bleeding accompanied by symptoms of anemia such as dizziness, extreme fatigue, or weakness, seek immediate medical attention.

How Are Fibroids Diagnosed?

Fibroids are often detected during a routine pelvic examination. During this exam, your healthcare provider may press on your abdomen and feel a firm, irregular mass that could indicate fibroids.

To diagnose uterine fibroids, your doctor may request one of the following tests:

1. Pelvic Ultrasound: A procedure that uses sound waves via a small ultrasound device inserted vaginally to image internal organs. Your doctor can view the size, shape, and texture of the uterus and assess any growths.

2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An advanced imaging technology that provides highly detailed images of internal organs, helping the doctor pinpoint the location and characteristics of fibroids for planning treatments if necessary.

3. Hysterosalpingography: A type of X-ray examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes using a special contrast dye for better visualization to determine if fibroids are blocking your fallopian tubes.

4. Hysteroscopy: A visual examination of the cervix and uterine cavity using an imaging instrument (hysteroscope) inserted through the vagina.

Our specialists offer a wide range of treatment options for women with fibroids, including alternatives to hysterectomy. We are at the forefront of fibroid research, aiming to improve our patients’ quality of life. Consult your doctor to find the best treatment option for you.

How Are Fibroids Treated?

As fibroid growth typically slows or stops as women approach menopause, your doctor may recommend no intervention if your symptoms are manageable. With this approach, your doctor will closely monitor your symptoms with regular follow-up visits and ultrasounds to ensure no significant changes occur.

If your fibroids are causing significant symptoms, treatment may be necessary. Treatment options include medical and surgical approaches. Your doctor will recommend treatment based on your symptoms, the location and size of the fibroids, your age and medical history, and health goals such as the desire for pregnancy.

In some cases, women may require treatment for iron-deficiency anemia due to heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding caused by fibroids.

What Are the Treatment Options?

Learn more about women’s health and fertility treatments by visiting our blog. Click here to visit.