What is Vaginal Yeast Infection?

Vaginal yeast infection is a bothersome condition, but it is very common. A woman can experience a vaginal yeast infection once or several times during her life. The symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection are itching, redness, and white discharge.

These infections are caused by a fungus (yeast) called Candida, which is already present in your body. Under normal conditions, Candida is balanced with the ecosystem of your body and does not cause any problems. However, this balance can sometimes be disrupted, and the yeast grows rapidly, leading to a yeast infection.

What is Candida?

It may seem strange to think about, but Candida lives in various parts of your body (in your mouth, digestive system, and vagina). Normally, Candida does not cause a problem. It is supposed to be in your body and is normal.

However, it is constantly in balance in your body. When this balance is disrupted, different complications can occur. If you develop too much yeast in your mouth, it is called thrush. If it develops in your vagina, it causes a vaginal yeast infection.

What Causes Vaginal Yeast Infections?

The loss of chemical balance in your vagina can cause Candida to multiply. This can happen for many reasons, including:

• Using antibiotics: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are an example. When treating this infection, the protective bacteria in the vagina are killed. These protective bacteria are responsible for maintaining the balance of your body. If the balance is disrupted, fungi can take control.

• Pregnancy and using hormonal contraceptives: Your hormones change during pregnancy. These changes in your hormones can disrupt the balance of Candida in the vagina. Similarly, hormonal birth control methods can also disrupt this balance.

• Diabetes: When you have diabetes, there is too much sugar in your urine, and this affects your vagina.

• Weakened immune system: If you have a condition like HIV or AIDS, your medications may suppress your immune system.

What Are the Symptoms of Vaginal Yeast Infection?

• Itching sensation in the vagina and vulva.
• Thick, white vaginal discharge resembling cottage cheese.
• Redness and swelling in the vagina and vulva.
• Small cuts or cracks in the vulvar skin due to the fragile skin in the area.
• Burning sensation during urination.
• In some cases, pain during sex may also be a symptom of a vaginal yeast infection.

How Is Vaginal Yeast Infection Diagnosed?

A vaginal yeast infection is diagnosed by your doctor. Your doctor may need to take a sample of the discharge from your vagina to confirm the yeast infection.

How Can I Treat Vaginal Yeast Infection?

When considering treatment for vaginal yeast infection, it is important to know that there are many different types of yeast. Your doctor may discuss different treatment options depending on the type of yeast infection.

Your doctor will typically treat a vaginal yeast infection with antifungal medication. This type of medication is used to specifically fight against excessive yeast growth in the body.

There are two types of medications: oral or topical. Oral medications are taken by mouth, while topical medications are applied to the affected area. Your doctor will provide you with information about each type of medication and instructions on how to use each one properly. It is important to always follow your doctor’s instructions to ensure that the infection is completely resolved and does not return.

Can I Use Over-the-Counter Treatment for Vaginal Yeast Infection?

Sometimes you can treat a vaginal yeast infection with over-the-counter medications. However, if you are not completely sure that it is a yeast infection, using such treatments can lead to other problems. It is generally best to speak with your doctor and make sure you are receiving the right treatment for your condition.

How Can I Prevent Vaginal Yeast Infections?

By making a few lifestyle changes, you can usually prevent vaginal yeast infections. These changes may include:

• Not washing your vagina when showering. Showering can kill the bacteria that control the yeast. Do not wash the inside of your vagina with soap. Only wash your vulva (the outside of the vagina) with water.
• Avoid using vaginal deodorants.
• Do not use scented tampons or pads.
• Change wet clothes, especially swimsuits, as soon as possible.
• Use water-based sexual lubricants.

Also, if you have diabetes, it is important to keep your blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible. Managing your diabetes can help prevent vaginal yeast infections.

What Should I Do If I Frequently Get Yeast Infections?

If you get frequent yeast infections, you need to consult your healthcare provider. Your doctor will perform tests to confirm whether you truly have a vaginal yeast infection. They may recommend a blood test for diabetes. You may also need to undergo HIV/AIDS testing. Be sure to discuss any possible hormonal changes (such as birth control or pregnancy) with your doctor.

Checking the cause of the infection can help prevent future vaginal yeast infections.

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